As of 2015, 72 percent of WIC state agencies had adopted this option, covering 60 percent of WIC participants ( USDA/FNS, 2015A).Īt the vendor level, despite challenges to ensuring WIC foods were available, most evidence suggests that the food package revisions were beneficial for vendors, increasing both sales and profitability for the items offered in the revised food package ( Andreyeva et al., 2011) and increasing sales of newly eligible food items to non-WIC customers ( Gittelsohn et al., 2012). For example, the Final Rule allows children ages 12 to 24 months to receive fat-reduced milks if overweight or obesity is a concern ( USDA/FNS, 2014a). Although the additional options led to some inconsistencies in specific foods available from state to state, it enabled state administrators to make decisions that maximize the suitability of the foods for their own population and that also contain costs. But along with these challenges, as noted in Chapter 1, a key benefit of the 2009 food package changes, finalized in 2014, was the ability for states to tailor packages ( USDA/FNS, 2007a). The chapter concludes with a summary of key findings and conclusions reached by the committee upon examination of the evidence described throughout the chapter.Ĭhallenges to Implementation of the 2009 Food Package Revisions.Īt the state agency level, notable challenges included production and distribution of the 1-pound loaf of bread, dealing with the “dangling quart” of milk, changes to container sizes available in the marketplace (e.g., juice and peanut butter), and implementation of the CVV (a description of the CVV is provided in Chapter 1). Also included here is a description of the experience of WIC participants today. These include changes in the number and types of WIC participants, economic factors such as participants' food expenditures and the costs of the program, and dietary guidance. This chapter presents a review of changes in the food packages themselves as well as the numerous other changes that have occurred since 2006 and that could potentially affect any updates to the WIC food packages. Since then, there have also been numerous changes in the WIC environment. Department of Agriculture's Food and Nutrition Service (USDA-FNS) 2007 interim regulation. The first major changes to the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) food packages in 35 years were recommended by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in 2006 and implemented by state agencies in 2009 as a result of the U.
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